• It is a technique where a single spermatozoa is injected directly into the cytoplasm of the oocyte in order to achieve fertilization.
• Sperm is initially taken from the ejaculate.
• If sperm cannot be retrieved TESE or MESA is done.
• In this procedure, the oocytes are collected the same way as in IVF.
• Both the egg and the sperm are then brought under a micromanipulator, which is an inverted microscope with 2 pipettes.
• A micropipette holds the oocyte and an injection pipette deposits the spermatozoon directly into the ooplasm of the oocyte.
• Fertilization rates are very high and pregnancy rates are 20-40%

Indications of ICSI are severe oligospermia (<5 million sperms per ml), asthenospermia (reduced sperm motility), Teratozoospermia(abnormal sperm morphology), the presence of sperm antibodies, failure of fertilization by IVF, unexplained infertility.